In this case, the client has made a payment in excess of the amount charged resulting in an unallocated amount.
You have entered a client with a standard charge of, say $120. The client does not have insurance and is responsible for the full amount.
You create a charge and then enter the payment. The client has brought a check for $150.
Enter the payment amount of $150 and then the amount paid toward the encounter.
Click Yes to create a $30 credit. The client balance will now show a $30 credit balance.
You can use this credit or amount in escrow toward the next visit (say, if the client comes in for a second visit and pays $90, you can use the $30 credit to complete the payment in full.
In this case, however, we will refund the amount in escrow since no further visits are needed.
To do a refund, open the ledger and select Refund.